“Give unto Caesar What is Caesar’s: Why the Iglesia Ni Cristo Believes It Can Obey the State–and still oppose it

"Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are God's." (Matthew 22:21) Few biblical passages have shaped Christian political thought as profoundly as Jesus Christ's answer to the Pharisees. When asked whether Jews should pay taxes to the Roman Empire, Jesus neither endorsed political rebellion nor surrendered religious authority to the State. Instead, He drew a distinction that has echoed through centuries of constitutional thought: civil government has legitimate authority over temporal affairs, while God alone exercises authority over matters of faith. Every Christian denomination has interpreted that boundary differently. Some churches avoid politics almost entirely. Others openly campaign for public policies. Still others reserve political action for moments when they believe the State has encroached on religious territory. The Iglesia Ni Cristo (INC) belongs largely to this third tradition. Its recent mass mobilizations have revived an old question: Is the INC becoming increasingly political, or has political engagement always been part of its understanding of church-state relations?

Roundown of Today’s Event: INC Rally snarls EDSA as Marcoleta plunder case, Sara Impeachment Trial fuel political tensions

An Iglesia ni Cristo-led rally at the EDSA People Power Monument disrupted traffic and led to arrests Tuesday, as the protest unfolded against the filing of plunder charges against Sen. Rodante Marcoleta and days before the impeachment trial of Vice President Sara Duterte.

INC holds surprise EDSA ’emergency rally’ vs plunder raps; massive rush hour traffic gridlock hits Metro Manila

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CURRENT VIEW OF THE DAY

“Give unto Caesar What is Caesar’s: Why the Iglesia Ni Cristo Believes It Can Obey the State–and still oppose it

"Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are God's." (Matthew 22:21) Few biblical passages have shaped Christian political thought as profoundly as Jesus Christ's answer to the Pharisees. When asked whether Jews should pay taxes to the Roman Empire, Jesus neither endorsed political rebellion nor surrendered religious authority to the State. Instead, He drew a distinction that has echoed through centuries of constitutional thought: civil government has legitimate authority over temporal affairs, while God alone exercises authority over matters of faith. Every Christian denomination has interpreted that boundary differently. Some churches avoid politics almost entirely. Others openly campaign for public policies. Still others reserve political action for moments when they believe the State has encroached on religious territory. The Iglesia Ni Cristo (INC) belongs largely to this third tradition. Its recent mass mobilizations have revived an old question: Is the INC becoming increasingly political, or has political engagement always been part of its understanding of church-state relations?

OPINION MAKERS

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Richard E. M. Rivera is a scholar-practitioner specializing in international relations, governance, and strategic communication. He is completing his degree in International Studies at the University of the Philippines, Diliman, and holds a post-graduate diploma in General Management from the Asian Institute of Management. He currently serves as Managing Partner and Senior Advisor at Rebel Manila Marketing Services, a public relations agency focused on crisis management, reputation strategy, and government relations. Previously, he was Vice President at FleishmanHillard, advising global and regional clients on strategic communication and issues management. A Certified Public Relations Crisis Advisor and Certified Paralegal, Mr. Rivera also co-convenes Artikulo Onse, a broad civic coalition advocating transparency, accountability, and the constitutional principle that public office is a public trust.

“Give unto Caesar What is Caesar’s: Why the Iglesia Ni Cristo Believes It Can Obey the State–and still oppose it

"Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are God's." (Matthew 22:21) Few biblical passages have shaped Christian political thought as profoundly as Jesus Christ's answer to the Pharisees. When asked whether Jews should pay taxes to the Roman Empire, Jesus neither endorsed political rebellion nor surrendered religious authority to the State. Instead, He drew a distinction that has echoed through centuries of constitutional thought: civil government has legitimate authority over temporal affairs, while God alone exercises authority over matters of faith. Every Christian denomination has interpreted that boundary differently. Some churches avoid politics almost entirely. Others openly campaign for public policies. Still others reserve political action for moments when they believe the State has encroached on religious territory. The Iglesia Ni Cristo (INC) belongs largely to this third tradition. Its recent mass mobilizations have revived an old question: Is the INC becoming increasingly political, or has political engagement always been part of its understanding of church-state relations?
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Professor Rommel C. Banlaoi is a leading Filipino political scientist and security analyst specializing in terrorism, political violence, and regional security in Southeast Asia. He is the Chairman of the Philippine Institute for Peace, Violence and Terrorism Research (PIPVTR), where he leads research on counterterrorism, insurgency, and peacebuilding. With decades of experience in academia and policy work, Prof. Banlaoi has taught in prominent universities and has served as a resource person for government agencies, international organizations, and security institutions. He is widely recognized for his contributions to understanding extremist movements, maritime security, and geopolitical developments in the Indo-Pacific. A prolific author, he has written numerous books, journal articles, and policy papers that have informed both national and regional security strategies. He is also a frequent speaker at international conferences and a trusted media commentator on defense and security issues. Prof. Banlaoi’s work bridges scholarship and policy, helping shape informed discourse on peace, security, and strategic affairs in the Philippines and beyond.

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Bencyrus Ellorin is a long-time journalist and political strategist. He once headed the Cebu version of the Inquirer and now manages his own in Cagayan de Oro city. The author is the president of Pinoy Aksyon Inc., a governance and environment watchdog and think-tank. Comments can be sent to pinoy.aksyon@gmail.com.

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Major INC rallies/protests against or pressuring civil government

Major INC rallies/protests against or pressuring government Year/date Target / issue What happened Classification 1965 Religious instruction in public schools / church-state separation INC-linked historical accounts say INC youth rallied against...

Roundown of Today’s Event: INC Rally snarls EDSA as Marcoleta plunder case, Sara Impeachment Trial fuel political tensions

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INC holds surprise EDSA ’emergency rally’ vs plunder raps; massive rush hour traffic gridlock hits Metro Manila

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